Archiwa: Mountains - Adventures No Limits

Cuesta de Lipán

Adventures No Limits — Mon, 05 May 2025 20:23:43 +0000

06.05.2025

CUESTA DEL LIPÁN

The route called Cuesta de Lipán is located in northern Argentina. Despite being less than 20 kilometers long, the road is considered one of the most beautiful highways in the country. Numerous curves and breathtaking views of the local mountains at an altitude of 4,000 meters above sea level make the ride for any driver is unforgettable and memorable.

DESCRIPTION

Cuesta del Lipán is a section of the route that is part of the national highway number 52. It is the most winding and steep section of this highway, with numerous twists and turns. The section begins northwest of the town of Purmamarca and ends in Abra de Potrerillos, the highest point located on this route. The altitude of this place is 4170 meters above sea level. It’s worth stopping there to watch in the panoramic views there and take a photo of the vicuñas which often stroll there. Of course, besides this spot, there are a couple of other viewpoints where you can stop. If the weather is good, you can see the Quebrada de Humahuaca (a desert valley with beautiful colorful rock formations), the Nevado del Chañi mountain and the view of the Andes from there. The road is fully paved, and the entire stretch is 80 kilometers long and runs from Purmamarca, which lies 2,192 meters above sea level, to Santuario de Tres Pozos. Along the way we pass Salinas Grandes lying at an altitude of 3,450 meters above sea level. It is a salt marsh with an area of about 500 square kilometers, and the thickness of the salt cover total between 10 and 50 centimeters. Continuing on road number 52, you can reach the Chile-Argentina border crossing, which is located in Paso de Jama. This route is economically and strategically important, as it provides the province with a link to the Pacific Ocean after connecting with roads 27,23 and 24 on territory Chile.

Driving higher and higher, the landscape becomes more and more thinned. Of the plants, there are most cactuses. In addition to the vicuñas mentioned earlier, other types of llamas and donkeys can also be found there. It should be borne in mind that this is a road connecting two countries, also there are periods when many trucks pass along this highway. In the Cuesta del Lipán section, there are usually a couple of stands selling souvenirs and local handicrafts, and beside the Salinas Grandes salt pans not far away, there is another one half as big called Laguna de Guayatayoc that lies to the north of the road.

SHORT HISTORY

Long ago, the area was frequented by mules that descended from the highlands into the valley. However, in the early 1970s, it was decided to create a dirt road there being part of provincial route number 16, connecting San Salvador de Jujuy (the provincial capital) to the city of Susques. In 1979, the section from Purmamarca to Route 40 was embraced national jurisdiction and named National Road No. 52. In 1999, the country and the province signed an announcement agreement to tender for paving, and construction work began in 2000.

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW DRIVING ON ARGENTINE’S ROADS

Traffic in Argentina is right-hand drive, and Spanish is the official language. In some areas of Argentina, drivers drive more aggressively. This mainly applies to the larger cities, where bumper-to-bumper driving situations can also occur. Unfortunately, some laws are enforced laxly by some Argentines (according to reports from tourists who have been to this country) such as the right of way. On the other hand, fortunately, drunk driving is strongly enforced there. If you rent a car, beware of trapitos, that is informal employees who charge a fee to watch your car in public places. When drivers refuse to pay for this service, they may have a scratched car or broken windows. In worse cases, things we left in the car may also be stolen. If someone approaches us and will not want to leave, the best solution is to hand him a small amount of money (a few dollars).

Considering the fact that Argentina has very high inflation (one of the highest in the world), is not a rich country, and many people live very modestly, some police officers in the country force bribes from drivers in exchange for not issuing a ticket. This is not praiseworthy behavior, but because of the poor living conditions in the country, it is not surprising.

To drive a car in Argentina, you need to have a valid driver’s license issued in your home country, a vehicle registration certificate and insurance. For cars taken from a rental company, don’t forget to check that the employee gave you a copy of the insurance policy. It is also a good idea to carry a copy of the rent agreement with you. Rental companies are most likely to rent cars to people who are at least 21 years old if they want to rent a car, or 25 years old in the case of a motorcycle. For those who do not meet these age standards, some rental companies may refuse to release the vehicle or will charge an additional fee, such as a deposit.

The following list shows what we need to carry with us, while driving:

– Valid driver’s license (required)

– Vehicle registration document (required)

– Proof of insurance (required)

– First aid kit, fire extinguisher, two warning triangles, (required)

– Wheel wrench and jack (recommended)

– Contract with rental company (recommended)

Speed limits:

– In urban areas, this is usually 40 to 60 km/h (25 to 37 mph).

– In areas outside the city, it is 110 km/h (68 mph).

– On highways, 120 to 130 km/h (74.5 to 81 mph).

Lights: You must have them on while driving at all times. There are fines and penalties for not having lights on.

Priority: In built-up areas, many intersections (except the main ones where there are traffic lights) do not have traffic signs. Occasionally, you may see a stop sign, but usually this sign is not present. Who has priority will not be obvious. At the intersection of a larger road with a smaller one, those driving from the larger (wider) road usually have priority. At some intersections, the car on the right theoretically has priority, but as a rule, the car/driver that gets there first has the “priority”. If we hesitate, most drivers will take this as a sign that he/she has priority.

Toll roads: Many major highways in and around cities are toll roads. Tolls can be paid in cash at toll booths. If there is a very heavy crowd (and drivers are waiting to pass, honking), sometimes workers will open the barriers, so drivers can pass for free.

Road signs: Many road signs are pictograms used throughout the world. All road signs are in Spanish.

Seat belts: Everyone in the car must fasten a seat belt. Children under the age of 12 must ride in a car seat or booster cushion. Children 12 and older may ride in the front seat.

Cell phones: When driving, you can only talk on a cell phone using a hands-free set.

Gas stations: There are many in major cities such as Buenos Aires, La Matanza, Rosario, La Plata and Cordoba. However, if you will be heading to Patagonia, you should take 1 or 2 canisters of fuel with you, as there are not many stations.

Emergency numbers:

911 emergency number

101 police

100 fire department

107 ambulances.

Parking: To park, look for the capital letter “E” and the words “estacionamiento,” which means parking lot in Spanish. In larger cities, parking lots are paid while on their outskirts or in towns you can find free parking. Keep in mind that some places have specific hours when parking is not allowed. Standing in the opposite direction on a one-way street is prohibited.

VEHICLE RENTAL AND ACCOMMODATION IN A CAMPER

Finding a rental car in Argentina is not difficult when it comes to the larger cities. In the capital of the province of Salta, in the city of Salta, you can find, Hertz and Alpha Rent, among others. This town is less than 200 kilometers from Cuesta del Lipán. You can rent “normal” sedan/combi cars or 4×4s such as minivans or off-road vehicles. It is logical that if you have plans for off-road expeditions, there can be only one choice – an off-roader 😊. You can also rent a camper or converted off-roader, but it is much easier and more often to find such rentals in Chile. One such company is Wicked Camper.

The advantage of an RV or converted off-roader is the ability to sleep in such a vehicle and the ease of camping in the wilder parts of South America. In Chile and Argentina, it is rather no problem to camp anywhere except, of course, in private areas, near military areas, etc. For lovers of being out in nature, this is ideal. Keep in mind, however, that at altitudes of 3,000 meters above sea level and above at night there are very frequently minus temperatures, so if you don’t have a proper sleeping bag or parking heater in your car, a reasonable option would be to choose a hostel (hospedajes) for the night, of which there are many in Argentina and Chile in the cities and towns there.

TIDBIT

Cuesta de Lipán was awarded “Road Work of the Year 2004” by the Argentine Road Association.

TIPS

Being in the local area and wanting to go to Chile, it is worth remembering that the average stopping time at a border crossing is 4 – 6 hours. This time should be recalculated x2 when you rent a car there because usually rental companies do not give permission to return the vehicle on the territory of Chile, so you have to return in a borrowed vehicle.
If possible, it is recommended to cross the border in the morning, as traffic is less then, and to avoid the holiday season, that is, from early December to late February.

SUMMARY

Cuesta de Lipán is undoubtedly a beautiful stretch of road that is worth a drive if you are in the northwestern part of Argentina near the Chilean and Bolivian borders. The fact that it is a road with an elevation of 2,000 meters and its highest point is above 4,000 meters above sea level and in addition, it is open all year round makes that it is a must-see item for every motorized tourist and motorized Argentine. And it’s definitely worth going there for the local views, those.

Author MARINACHE2020, source commons.wikimedia.org.

Author Damien Roué source flickr.

Author Bachelot Pierre J-P, source commons.wikimedia.org.

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GROSSGLOCKNER ALPINE ROAD

LORD HOWE ISLAND

HALLASAN VOLCANO

Artykuł Cuesta de Lipán pochodzi z serwisu Adventures No Limits.

Hallasan

Adventures No Limits — Fri, 09 Feb 2024 18:45:28 +0000

09.02.2024

HALASAN VOLCANO

Hallasan is the highest point in South Korea, on Jeju Island. It is a de facto volcano, which was last active around the year 1000 AD. The volcano rises 1947–1950 meters above sea level (data depending on the source), and there is a lake inside the crater. The place is particularly charming in spring, when the local flowers and trees bloom, and in autumn, when the leaves of the trees begin to turn various colors of orange, red, and brown.

DESCRIPTION

Hallasan Volcano is also known as Yeongjusan, which means “Mountain high enough to involve the galaxy” or “Mountain high enough to involve the universe.”. At the summit is the Baengnokdam crater, 108 meters deep and 550 meters wide. The top of the mountain consists of 360-370 (data depending on the source) volcanic cones, which gives it originality among other mountains in the country. The crater was formed after the last eruption, when the top of the ridge collapsed. In addition, on the mountain itself inside the crater is Lake Baengnokdam or otherwise known as White Deer Lake. It obtains its name in honor of this mystical animal, which, according to legends, once visited this place to drink water. The animal came from the sky, and a Taoist hermit arrived at it to visit the place and drink a few sips of the refreshing water. According to beliefs, the gods living in the mountains came here to ride and play with this creature.

Hallasan is located in the central part of the island, and that it is the highest point on the island and in South Korea the views span the entire island, in every direction. Steep cliffs, rocks with unusual shapes and slopes covered with lush vegetation make a visit to Hallasan especially recommended for nature lovers and people who enjoy relaxation and physical activity outdoors. The local ecosystem consists of about 2,000 plant species, 73 of which are native, many endangered and rare. There were even legends about Korean wizards who became immortal after consuming the endemic Hallasan plant. Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of unified China (221-210 BC), even sent his trusted men in this area to find the sacred plant in order that he too could live forever.

The mountain area, is home to some 4,000 species of animals, including 160 species of birds and 3,315 species of insects. The largest mountain animal here is the roe deer, a symbol of Hallasan, which has recovered in recent years after that how the species was on the verge of extinction. The park has 42 kilometers of lava caves/tunnels on its territory. The most popular of these is the Manjanggul cave. There are 7 hiking trails in the reserve, and they are: Gwaneumsa, Seongpanak, Eorimok, Yeongsil, Donnaeko, Eoseungsangak and Seokguram.

The Hallasan Mountain Reserve was “converted” to a Natural Monument on October 12, 1966. On March 24, 1970, it was recognized as a National Park, and was inscribed on UNESCO’s list of Biosphere Reserves in December 2002. In 2007, meanwhile, this location became a World Heritage Site.

The formation of Mount Hallasan on the lava plateau dates to the Pliocene era, more than 2.5 million years ago. The volcano was formed as a result of the eruption of basaltic lava and trachyte. Research conducted in 2017 to determine the age of the crater rock using optically stimulated luminescence showed that the current shape of the mountain was formed between 37,000 and 20,000 years ago.

IS HALLASAN AN ACTIVE VOLCANO?

Scientists do not always agree on the definition of an active volcano. If one accepts the assumption of the Smithsonian Institution’s Global Volcanism Program, which defines activity over a time horizon of 10,000 years, it can be concluded that Hallasan is not a dormant neither extinct volcano. A recent study in 2014 showed by radiocarbon dating of the charcoal beneath the basalt layer to be 5,000 years old. This means that Hallasan volcano was still active after the last ice age, so it should be considered as active.

In addition, there are historical records from the Joseon Dynasty, recording events from the 11th century, and this is: “In June 1002 A.D. (or 1007 A.D. data depending on the source) a mountain grew up in the middle of the sea. At the top of the mountain were four gigantic holes from which a red liquid flowed, and for five days thick smoke was lifting. All the red liquid hardened and became stone like tiles.” However, there is no substantive evidence of the volcano’s activity during this period.

TRAILS

There are seven different hiking trails on Hallasan Volcano, but only Seongpanak and Gwaneumsa lead to the summit, where the crater lake is located. In this article, we will focus on these two hiking trails.

1 Gwaneumsa Trail 관음사 탐방로.

The Gwaneums Trail is one of the most scenic trails, but also the most difficult. There are several steep climbs. Its length is about 8.5 kilometers, and a one-way trip takes about 5 hours. You should set out on this route no later than 10 a.m. and arrive at the highest “checkpoint”, the hut, at 1 p.m. in summer or 12 p.m. in winter. There is a campsite at the entrance to the trail. Caution: passage along the Gwaneums trail requires early reservations.

The trail is divided into 4 sections.

Section 1 – just under 3 km of the trail will be relatively flat and will lead through thick forest. Much of this trail is covered with trees, so it is one of the most shaded sections on the entire route.

Section 2 – is the longest section of the trail. There are quite a few ramps and stairs. On this part of the trail are Tamnagyegok toilets, Gaemideung and Samgakbong mountain hut. It takes about 3 – 3.5 hours to reach it. There are also several benches and toilets.

Section 3 – a longer section of the trail follows well-maintained wooden “sidewalks/paths.” Here there are practically no more trees, so from this point on we are exposed to the sun all the time.

Section 4 – the most difficult part, there are the most steep climbs and stairs to climb.

To get to where the trail begins, take intercity bus No. 281 or 212 from Jeju Intercity Bus Terminal to Seogwipo and get off at Jeju University (about a 25-minute drive). Then take Intercity Bus No. 475 and get off at Gwaneumsa Campground (about a 15-minute drive). Every day, a course approximately 14 passage buses of the No. 475, and the gaps between services are between 1 hour and 1.5 hours. You can also rent a cab from the bus station. The cost is about 17,000 won (less than $13 at the January 2024 exchange rate).

2 Seongpanak Trail 성판악 탐방로.

The Seongpanak Trail is the longest trail, measuring about 9.5 kilometers, but it is not as technically difficult as Gwaneumsa. The hike takes about 4 hours one way. On the way, you can walk up to the Sara Oreum mountain, where there is a small lake. Caution: passage along the Seongpanak trail requires early reservations.

To get to the place from where the trail leads, you must go to the Jeju Intercity Bus Terminal, take bus No. 281 or 181, which runs to Seogwipo, and get off at the bus stop (about a 45-minute drive).

Other routes are:

Eorimoka Trail (어리목 탐방로) with a length of about 6.8 kilometers, and the passage takes about 3 hours one way.
Yeongsil Trail (영실 탐방로) is about 5.8 kilometers in length and takes about 3.5 hours one way. Recommended route for beginner hikers.
Donnaeko Trail (돈내코 탐방로) measuring about 9 kilometers, and takes about 4 hours, one way.

Eoseungsaengak Trail (어승생악 탐방로) is ideal for walks and short trips out of town with children. The length is less than 1.5 kilometers, and the time it takes to walk it one way is less than an hour.
Seokgulam Trail (석굴암 탐방로) just like the Eoseungsaengak Trail, is ideal for hiking with small children. The length is a little over than 1.5 kilometers, the time required to walk is one hour (one way).

Online booking at the summit via the Gwaneumsa and Seongpanak trails you can find here.

For those who need help making reservations: Jeju Tourist Information Center is open daily from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm.

https://www.visitjeju.net/en

Before set forth on a trek, it is important to remember that there are boundary hours in the mountains. On the Seongpanak route, the boundary hour is at the Jindallaebat Field Control Center (also known as Azalea), and on the Gwaneumsa route, it is at the Samgakbong Peak control station. This means that if you do not arrive at either of these stations before the fixed time, you will be asked to return to the parking lot. In addition, you will be asked to leave the summit at a defined the time in order that everyone leaves the mountain before nightfall. Seasonally, the trails are open from 5:00 – 6:00 a.m., and you should arrive at the stations between 12:00 and 1:00 p.m. The summit closes between 1:30 and 2:30 p.m.

RESERVATION SYSTEM

There are 1,000 pasteboard available per day on the Seongpanak trek, while 500 are available in Gwaneumsa.

To make a reservation, you have to wait until the month before the date of the trek. Example: reservations for the entire month of June will “open” on May 1. When it is June 1, you will be able to make reservations for July. If you plan to go out on Saturday or Sundays, it is advisable to make reservations over a dozen days early because then are the most eager hikers on the trails to reach the summit. Although reservations are required, no need to pay any fees. This system is mainly aims at preventing “overcrowding” on the trails and limiting the number of tourists on the summit. This rule came into live in 2020 (before that there was no reservation system). To make a reservation, click this link or call 064-713-9953. After making a reservation, a QR code will be sent to your cell phone, thanks to this, we can go through the gates located at the beginning of the trail.

Comment: reservations can be made maximum for 4 people.

HOW TO GET TO HALLASAN?

There are 3 ways to get to the Hallasan Mountain area.

Rental car

You can use the website rentalcars.com and choose the car which will be best for us. However, if we would like to explore other parts of the island, a good option would be to rent a car with a larger trunk like a station wagon, minivan, or SUV.

Trail coordinates: Seongpanak (GPS: 33°23’05.5″N 126°37’12.1″E), Gwaneumsa (GPS: 33°25’19.5″N 126°32’59.2″E).

Important information about renting a car:

To rent a car in South Korea, we will need an international driver’s license.

Google Maps does not work in South Korea. It is worth downloading the Naver Map app to get directions and maps of the country.

The second option is to take a public transportation bus, which stops at parking lots which are located at the beginning of routes.

For this purpose, it is worth looking at sites such as, http://bus.jeju.go.kr and https://www.visitjeju.net/en/tourInfo/traffic?tap=three&menuId=DOM_000001821013003000 where we can check the routes of bus lines, rent a bus or find a stop which interests us.

3 Taxi

The last option to consider is taking a cab from the airport or bus station, for example. The cost of a ride from the airport to the Gwaneumsa parking zone is about ₩ 30,000. On the other hand, from the city of Seogwipo, a cab will cost about 60,000 ₩.

Keep in mind that if you rent a car and plan to walk to Hallasan volcano via the Gwaneumsa trail, for example, and walk down Seongpanak, then you will have to get back to the parking lot beside the Gwaneums trail. This can be done in several ways:

Cab

There is often some sort of cab stand in parking lots, but not always. After walking down with the trail, we can ask the driver to drive us to the parking lot where we left the car. Between one parking lot and the other (Gwaneumsa – Seongpanak) the route takes less than 15 minutes and the cost of such a service is about ₩ 15,000.

Bus

To travel between Gwaneumsa and Seongpanak (in that order!), you can first take a bus toward Jeju University. There, change to bus (number 475) to get to one of the two initial routes.

TIPS FOR TAKING PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AND CABS

The best way to find the nearest bus stop is to use the Kakao Maps app (iOS/Android) or Naver Maps (iOS/Android).

If we want to use public transportation, we can consider buying a T-money card for about ₩ 4,000 at any grocery store and recharge it in amount, for example, 20,000 won. We can use it while riding the bus or train. Details about the card and how to use it can be found here.

Uber’s Korean equivalent is the Kakao T app (iOS/Android), which is worth downloading and setting up before your trip if you plan to travel by cab. It is also available in English.

OPENING HOURS AND FEES

Before climbing the mountain, it is a good idea to familiarize yourself with the opening schedule of Hallasan National Park. Keep in mind that overnight stays are not allowed in the volcano area. The trails in Hallasan Reserve open at 5:00 am from May to August and at 6:00 am from September to April. To ensure that everyone has enough time to return before dark, hiking times are limited and vary depending on the season. The rangers will prevent hikers from climbing higher if they do not reach the highest shelters/points at certain times (usually at 1:00 pm or 12:00 pm in winter).

Hallasan Mountain is open year-round and can be climbed at any time (the most recommended time of year to visit this place is spring or autumn, however) it may happen that the trails may be closed due to bad weather or “repairs”.

Parking fees (2023 prices):

Two-wheeled vehicles (scooters, motorcycles): 500 ₩

Automobiles (capacity less than 1,000 cc): 1000 ₩

Vehicle weighing less than 4 tons: 1800 ₩

Small bus (11-15 seats): 3000 ₩

Bus with more than 16 seats / vehicle weight over 4 tons: 3700 ₩

CLOSING HOURS

“Closing/boundary” hours are the time of day at which guards do not continue to let tourists who want to go to the summit pass. This is to eliminate the situation of casual hikers staying overnight on the top of the volcano.

– The summit of Hallasan is closed at 1:30 p.m. in winter, 2 p.m. in spring/autumn and 2:30 p.m. in summer.

– Witse Oreum Shelter closes at 3:00 pm in winter, 4:00 pm in spring/autumn and 5:00 pm in summer months.

– Samgakbong Shelter closes at 12:30 pm in spring, at 1 pm in summer and at 12 pm in winter.

– Nambyeok or South Cliff turnaround points close at 2:00 pm in winter, 2:30 pm in spring/autumn and 3:00 pm in summer.

Closing times can change. This may be dictated by difficult and adverse weather.

ACCOMODATION

Recommended accommodations on Jeju Island is including:

Yeha Guesthouse – guesthouse offers free breakfast and laundry, near the bus station.

Thira Hotel – a hotel with spacious rooms and a restaurant in Seogwipo town.

Gwaneumsa Campsite – a campground at the beginning of the Gwaneumsa trail, which leads to the top of Hallasan Mountain. There are toilets and washrooms. The campground does not have a website, so reservations can only be made by phone +82-064-756-9950.

Jeju R Guesthouse – is a small modern hotel with breakfast included in the price, a 5-minute walk from the main bus station.

Hotel Nanta Jeju – is a four-star hotel, located near Hallasan and across the street from the Planetarium. The guesthouse has its theater with live performances, multiple gastronomic local and fitness equipment.

Amber Resort Jeju – a complex of large houses/villas where you can rent rooms with bathrooms overlooking Hallasan Volcano.

Grand Hyatt Jeju – is a luxury five-star hotel in downtown Jeju with a swimming pool.

Ganderak Guesthouse – offers mainly, 4-bed rooms along with free breakfast.

Jeju Oriental Hotel and Casino – a reasonably priced hotel with sea views.

Donnaeko Guesthouse in Seogwipo – offers luxurious double rooms with fully equipped private kitchens and bathrooms, as well as a shared outdoor pool and garden.

Qube Resort Jeju – offers spacious suites with sea and Hallasan Mountain views.

Velum Resort – a guesthouse has rooms with a balcony overlooking the mountains.

Bridge Residence Hotel – a budget hotel in Seogwipo where rooms are equipped with a cooking stock and a laundry room.

Other recommended hotel is Jeju Best Hill.

MYTHS AND LEGENDS

And how was the volcano formed? What do the myths read? Well, the giant woman Seolmundae Halmang created Hallasan Mountain with seven shovel throws. One day the woman, a mother of 500 sons, while cooking soup for them, fell into the caldron and died. The sons ate the soup, and when they found their mother’s bones inside, they cried until they turned to stone. A large cluster of unusual rock pillars can be seen from the Yeongsil trail, and every spring, legend explains, their blood is reborn in the form of field flowers.

It is also believed that a plant grows in the Hallasan area that provides immortality. China’s Emperor Qin Shi Huang himself sent his men to find it, but they failed. The emperor died in 210 BC.

When the first Western visitors began arriving at Jeju Island in the late 19th century with hopes of reaching Hallasan, locals informed them that no one had ever been to the summit before. Jeju’s governor, Yi Chi-ho, in 1901 rejected German journalist Siegfried Genthe’s request for permission to climb the volcano with these words: “The mountain spirits would certainly plague the island with bad weather, storms, poor harvests and pestilence if someone approached them and disturbed their rest. A bad harvest would cause people to blame you, the foreigner, and no question they would do you harm.”. Unfortunately, there is no reliable information on the Internet about who managed to climb Hallasan Peak for the first time and when. You can try to ask the staff at the ascent (guards/refuge/service) for such information. 😊

For many Koreans, Hallasan volcano has spiritual significance. As one of South Korea’s three spiritual mountains (the others being Jirisan and Seoraksan), Hallasan is considered sacred. Koreans believe that gods and spirits live in the mountain, so they worship it, and some also pray there. Hallasan volcano is also home to Gwaneumsa, the oldest Buddhist temple on the island, dating back to the 11th century. However, it was destroyed in 1702, during the Joseon Dynasty, when Confucianism was established as the national religion, but was rebuilt in the early 20th century.

TIPS AND ADVICE

When climbing Mt. Hallasan in winter, worth taking with you crampons, as the trails can be icy.

It is a good idea to take with you: rain jacket or down jacket (in winter), sweatshirt, hat, pants with unzip legs (in summer), sunglasses, sunscreen, insect spray, trekking shoes, bandages, first aid kit, 2–4 liters of water (depending on which trail you choose and what season you will be climbing, you will be more thirsty in summer) and food.

To check if the Gwaneumsa trail is open, you can visit this website or call the travel hotline at 1330.

Jeju is a fairly windy island. Let’s keep this in mind when packing up and going to this place.

The volcano area occurs frequent rainfall in the summer.

It is also wise to take trekking poles with you.

T-shirt and underwear should be thermoactive.

USEFUL LINKS

Here you can find a plane course with Seul Airport to Jeju Island:

https://www.skyscanner.net/routes/sela/cju/seoul-to-jeju.html

https://www.jejuair.net/en/main/base/index.do

Here you can find ferry with South Korea to Jeju Island:

https://www.travelguide.de/en/ports/jeju/

https://www.directferries.com/

Map:

https://peakery.com/hallasan-south-korea/map/

TIDBITS

The top of Hallasan Peak is inaccessible to tourists due to erosion. Visitors this place can near 10 meters below the actual summit.

People who have booked an ascent of Halssan Volcano via the Seongpanak and Gwaneumsa trails, and do not come, will get a penalty. The first time such a person will not be allowed to re-book for three months, and the second time, a year must pass before such a delinquent can book again.

South Korea is covered with 70% mountains and highlands. The country has 7715 mountains which have a name. Most of them do not exceed 1,000 meters in height.

If you want to get a certificate for climbing a mountain, you must show a photo which is taken at the summit on the same day. The certificate can be purchased for 1,000 won (about $1, cash only, price in 2023) at the Information Center at the beginning of the Seongpanak or Gwaneumsa trail.

SUMMARY

Coming to Jeju Island in South Korea and being a nature lover, you should visit this place. There is a trail for everyone. People with the less experienced will choose the Eoseungsaengak or Seokgulam trails, while those who want to go to the summit and are not afraid of fatigue will choose Gwaneumsa and Seongpanak. Independently of the season, the views of the island from here are unforgettable. However, let’s remember about good preparation, and to set out as early in the morning as possible to reach the top in peace and savor the local panoramas.

Author Jonas K., source flickr.

Author Nfarag2019, source wikimedia.org.

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CAT BA ISLAND

THAM LOD CAVE

THE YUANYANG RICE TERRACES

Artykuł Hallasan pochodzi z serwisu Adventures No Limits.

Gerlach Peak

Adventures No Limits — Fri, 11 Nov 2022 16:50:24 +0000

28.04.2022

GERLACH PEAK

Gerlach Peak (Gerlachovský štít) is not only the highest peak of Slovakia and the Tatras but also of the Carpathians. Its height is 2655 m above sea level. It is located on the territory of the Tatra National Park, a beautiful natural area surrounded by glacial lakes and pine forests. It owes its name the village of Gerlachów, which was located in this area in the olden days. Please remember, that the summit can be gain only with a UIAGM certified mountain guide (or you must have such certified if you want to go alone).

WHEN WAS THE SUMMIT REACHED?

It is believed, that the summit of Gerlachovský štít was first climbed in 1834 by Ján (Johann) Still, a teacher and mountain guide from Nová Lesná, accompanied by his brother-in-law Gellhof, the miller Martin Urban Spitzkopf, and two unknown by name chamois hunters.

The first women to stand on the summit of Gerlach were Viennese tourists Paulina Knerr and Josephine Fillunger, July 28, 1877.

The first ascent via the Velická Challenge (Velická try) took place in 1874 led by famous Caucasian and Himalayan mountain climber Mór Déchy.

The first documented ascent of Gerlachovský štít via Batizovská próba was made in 1875 by Slovak climbers mountain guides from the village of Štôla, Ján Ruman-Driečný Jr and Ján Pasterňák.

The first attempt to climb the peak in winter was made in 1902, but only January 15, 1905 that an international team of mountaineers succeeded in reaching the summit via Innkeeper’s Glen (Krčmárov žľab). The guide of the group was Janusz Chmielowski.

HEIGHTS OF THE GERLACH MOUNTAIN

For the first time Gerlach was recognized as the highest peak of the High Tatras in 1838. The forester from Jelczawa, Ludwik Greiner, by means of trigonometric measurements established its height at 2641 m above sea level.

After Slovakia had switched to using the Kronstadt Gauge of the Baltic Sea, Gerlach’s altitude increased to 2654.3 m.

The latest satellite measurements added another ten centimeters and now Gerlach is officially 2654.4 m.

WHAT ANIMALS CAN YOU MEET ON THE TRAIL?

The Tatra National Park is one of the last wild places in Central Europe. Near Gerlach we can meet chamois, marmots or golden eagle. In extreme cases you can also notice a brown bear.

CLIMBING ROUTES

Several trails of diffrent difficulty lead to the top of Gerlach:

Ascent via Velická próba (Normálka)

The most popular route is Normálka, which is relatively easy (I-II degree of difficulty according to UIAA scale). From Sliezsky dom we head towards Kvetnica, then we go through a section – Velická próba, to a saddle called Sedielko. The route leads up to Kotlový štít, where during the ascent you can see the peak for the first time. Descent leads through Batizovský žľab and Batizovská próba back to Batizovská dolina, where it connects with Tatranská magistrála, red tourist path, which leads to Sliezsky dom.

Ascent via Batizovská próba

This easier route (grade I in the UIAA scale) is used especially in the transition period between summer and winter. Since in this period the usual route through the Velická próba is technically difficult, both ascent and descent are done through the Batizovská próba.

Ascent via Tatarkova próba – across Zadný Gerlach

Beautiful climbing route of II-III degree. Descent from the hiking trail in the valley Velická dolina near the beautiful glacial lake Dlhé pleso. Further we are going through Tatarkova próba – the climbing route is secured with chains, calms and steps. On the right side of Tetmaierov žľab towards Gerlachovské sedlo we come Zadný Gerlach. From Zadný Gerlach it is necessary to go over the exposed ridge through Gerlachovské sedlo to the peak of Gerlach. Usually the descent leads through the Batizovská próba.

Martinova cesta (Martinka)

Martinka is a climbing route of II-III degree. Tourist route in the Velická dolina takes us to the Dlhé pleso and further to the ridge of Litvorové sedlo. From there we go further along the ridge through Lučivianske veže, Litvorové veže, Lavínovú vežu, Lavínový štít and Zadný Gerlach. The route continues through Tatarkova próba.

WHEN IS IT WORTH GOING CLIMBING?

The best time for climbing is from the end of May until the end of September. Good weather conditions can also occur in October.

It is also possible to ascend this Slovak peak in wintertime using the route of Batizovská prób). In this case the climbing is more difficult than in summer.

With a mountain guide at your side you can climb Gerlach all year round.

EQUIPMENT, WHICH YOU HAVE TO TAKE WITH YOU

What to take in the summer:

– high hiking shoes with hard soles,

– waterproof sports clothing (jacket, trousers), raincoat,

– mid-layer wear,

– warm underwear, warm socks,

– spare socks, preferably packed in a waterproof bag,

– thin gloves and a hat/cap,

– enough water to drink, a thermos of tea/coffee,

– food and chocolate,

– sunglasses,

– sunscreen,

– a backpack by a capacity of 35-40 liters to pack everything you need.

It is also recommended to take with you also:

– a head flashlight,

– a multifunction pocket knife,

– bandages, painkillers, plasters,

– magnesium to avoid cramps,

– photo camera 😊.

What to take in winter (extra or substitute):

– winter hiking shoes with hard soles

– gaiters

– winter sportswear – two sets of thermal underwear, jacket, trousers, sweatshirt (with hood), vest or down jacket, 2 hats/caps, two pairs of gloves, warm socks

– snow goggles

When going to the summit it is worth asking our guide about such equipment as :

– climbing harness,

– climbing helmet,

– locking carabiner.

And in the winter period also:

– crampons,

– ice axe,

– avalanche transceiver and detector.

(Will they be provided/rented to us by our guide, whether the above mentioned equipment must be organized on your own).

You should also remember about the insurance, which includes:

– Hiking in the mountains

– Mountain rescue service, paramedical services

– Climbing tour with a mountain guide, including unmarked trails.

In addition, do not forget about the EU travel insurance, which includes: repatriation, covers medical expenses, hospitalization and emergency medical and dental care.

Below is a short movie showing what conditions are waiting for the climbers.

HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO CLIMB TO THE TOP?

Climbing Gerlach Mountain is an all-day hike. Coming to Gerlach from Sliezsky Hotel (where most of the trips start) and safely returning takes from eight to ten hours depending on the chosen route. Of course, weather and physical condition are also important. The hikes start early in the morning, in spring and autumn at 5-6 am, in summer at 4-5 am.

Why so early? First of all, to be sure to return before sunset, and secondly, to avoid bad weather, because mornings in the Tatra Mountains are often beautiful, but by noon clouds may gather around the summit and cover the view of the beautiful Tatra panorama.

PHYSICAL CONDITIONS TO CLIMB GERLACH

Average experienced tourist can climb Gerlach without any problems. If you can climb such peaks as Rysy, Kriváň or Slavkovský Peak within the time given on signposts or maps, don’t be afraid to climb Gerlach accompanied by a mountain guide.

GROUP SIZE

The maximum number of people led by one guide tied to the rope is determined by the Technical Commission of NAHV SR (Slovak National Association of Mountain Guides).

In summer it can be no more than three people. In case of more demanding climbs (e.g. ascent of Martinka route) there can be no more than two persons per guide. In winter, the guide can lead no more than two climbers at a time.

CLIMBING ON GERLACH WITH CHILDREN

(FIRST ask the guide with whom you are going to the summit if the age and previous physical preparation of your child will not be a problem in climbing!)

General assumptions:

Children over 7 years of age can participate in guided tours, including an ascent of Gerlach.

Rules to follow when climbing with children:

– There can be only one child under 15 in one group (no more than three people).

– The child should be in good physical condition.

– It is recommended to “test” your child first on a less demanding route, e.g. Lomnica. The difference altitude is only about 400 m, but the hike includes climbing sections.

– The best time to climb with your child is in the summer. From the end of June to the end of September, when conditions are best, without snow cover.

– Your child should have all the gear and equipment necessary for a guided mountain hike.

ACCESS

A good option is to stay in Starý Smokovec or in Tatranská Polianka, two small villages located near the different trails leading to the mountain hotel “Sliezsky Dom”.

In the area, there are many cheap hotels, guesthouses and hostels.

Guesthouses, hotels near Gerlach mountain, you can find here.

TIDBIT

In 1896 Hungarians renamed Gerlach peak to Franz Joseph Peak (Ferencz Jozsef-csucs), Czechs and Slovaks in 1923 to Stit Legionarov, and in 1949 Slovaks changed the name of Gerlach to Stalinov Stit. Gerlachovský štít (Gerlach) has been obtain again since 1959.

USEFUL LINKS

3D view of Gerlach mountain and surroundings.

https://bit.ly/3LSAdoL

The website where you can find offers of mountain guides organizing climbs on Gerlach.

https://bit.ly/3v3zOKE

Data with current weather conditions.

https://www.mountain-forecast.com/peaks/Gerlach/forecasts/2655

View from the summit in 3D (computer graphics).

https://bit.ly/3jGnbil

SUMMARY

Gerlach is not a mountain to conquer for everyone. To climb it you need to be in good physical condition and have some basic mountain climbing experience. It is also necessary to have properequipment and remember to find a guide who needs to be “booked” up to a month in advance. This applies mainly to the summer season because there are a lot of people willing to go on this type of trip. On the other hand, impressions and views from such trip will remain unforgettable and maybe in the future we will want to repeat the climb. But for a change, on a different trail than the one we choosed last time.

Jjmjbasket, source pixabay, Gerlach (photo edited).

Maros Mraz, Veľká Studená dolina, commons.wikimedia.org.

Nikolett Emmert, pixabay, Gerlach Peak (on the left) i Lomnica Peak (on the right).

Rafik, Batizovské pleso and the massif of Gerlachovský štít, commons.wikimedia.org.

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THE CITY OF ROCKS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

GROSSGLOCKNER ALPINE ROAD

PARTNACH GORGE

Artykuł Gerlach Peak pochodzi z serwisu Adventures No Limits.

Brandberg Mountain

Adventures No Limits — Wed, 26 Oct 2022 18:15:30 +0000

26.10.2022

BRANDBERG MOUNTAIN

The Brandberg mountain massif is located in Namibia in its northwestern part. There is also located, the country’s highest peak, Königstein, measuring 2573 meters above sea level. You can get there only after obtaining the appropriate permits and under the charge of a guide. Due to that the Brandberg mountains are a few dozen kilometers away from “civilization” and there are very high temperatures, except in winter, less than 50 tourists a year venture into this area. But thanks to this, the place still remains wild and untouched by man.

DESCRIPTION

The Brandberg Mountains are shaped like a large, circular granite intrusion, measuring about 30 km by 25 km. They are the remains, dating at 100-120 million years ago (data depending on the source) of a volcano that was covered by today’s waters of the Atlantic Ocean (it is not known if in its entirety). The mountains are located in the Erongo region, in the western part of Namibia, and cover an area of approximately 750 km². With very good air clarity, the Atlantic Ocean, which is about 90 kilometers away, can be seen from the highest peaks, such as Königstein. The mountain range has an average altitude of 2,500 meters, by which it exceeds the nearby surroundings by about 2,000 meters. The land around the mountains is virtually flat and consists of steppe and plains. Brandberg means “fiery mountain.” This refers to the red color that covers the mountain during sunset or during the intense summer heat. Some of the more popular peaks in this mountain range are Horn, Numasfels, Aigub, Orabeskopf or Zisabspitze. These mountains are uninhabited, there are no villages, and the only people who venture here are tourists and groups of explorers with guides.

LOCATION

The closest town to stay overnight and make shopping for the trip is Uis, less than 35 kilometers away. This town lies 330 kilometers northwest of Namibia’s capital Windhuk. By car, the distance can travel in less than four hours. The route can be driven with a single-axle drive, but to get from Uis to Brandberg, it is better to get an off-road vehicle. The road towards the mountains is not paved in entirety and there are numerous bumps. On the way from Windhuk to Uis there is no problem with refueling the car, and there are ATMs at stations where you can withdraw money It is worth has a cash in wallet, because while you can pay for lodging or shopping by card, the guides no accept this form of payment.

WHO CLIMBED TO THE TOP FIRST?

German explorer Reinhard Maack was the first person which documented the ascent of the highest peak of Namibia, Königstein (2573 meters above sea level). Maack climbed the mountain in February 1917. He also discovered the famous “White Lady,” which, along other rock paintings, testifies that the area was previously inhabited by Bushmen. Some sources say the painting was discovered by Reinhard in January 1918. Others, however, indicate that in 1917 Reinhard wanted to do topographical and trigonometric work to draw accurate maps of the mountains, so he had to organize a second expedition, which Maack led in December 1917.

On the evening of January 2, 1918, Maack, Ernst Gries and Georg Schulze were already standing on the highest peak of the Brandberg mountain range, enjoying the incredible views and silence. Reinhard wrote about the mountains Brandberg in his diary that: “If you want to get to the top of the Brandberg […] three things are necessary: firstly, water […], secondly, a thick skin that allows you to rest comfortably on bare rock, and thirdly, irrepressible energy to cope with the seemingly endless trek through wild rock debris.”

PAINTINGS

Excavations on the Brandberg massif have revealed that the area was already inhabited by San people nearly 5,000 years ago. Mountain streams and caves may have served as a massing area for dispersed groups of hunter-gatherers or shepherds. The increased social and ritual activity associated with the concentration of people probably contributed to the emergence of rock art. After that, you can conclude, that the Brandberg was an important cultural place for indigenous Namibians.

Guides are usually stationed at the park office on the east side of the Brandberg mountains, where the trail to the “White Lady” painting begins. The artwork is located in the Tsisab Gorge and is about 2,000 years old. You can walk both ways in less than 3 hours. Tours to this place are only with a guide. It is best to view the paintings there in the early morning or late afternoon to avoid the midday heat (except in winter). The drawings there paint depict Bushmen, medicine men, warriors, and animals. The paintings have been painted between 2,000 and 4,000 years old. The “White Lady” figure was so named in the 1950s, or more precisely in 1955, by Henri Breuil (1877-1961), a French archaeologist and prehistorian. He compared the figure with paintings found in Crete, using the Palace of Knossos as an example. Although the “White Lady” does not have any typically female forms, Breuil concluded that the figure must have been a woman, due to her posture and the objects she held. It was a vessel or lotus flower. However, if you look closely at the figure, you can see the physical features of a man, holding a bow and arrows in one hand and something resembling a wine glass in the other. The hair is straight and light, completely non-African. The body, on the other hand, is painted white from the chest down. The rest of the painting depicts other women during of some ritual, with one of them impaling a small animal on a stake. It is now assumed to be the figure of a hunter or shaman, who carries hunting fixture. Some say it is a medicine man, considering the white coloration of the figure.

HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO KÖNIGSTEIN PEAK?

If the participants of the group are very good condition and reach to the mountain massif by car, it will take one day to reach the highest peak. On the other hand, if somebody wants to see the paintings and take photos along the way, simultaneously not imposing a fast pace on oneself, then in that case one should count two days for the hike. On the first day you approach the summit, where you set up camp, and on the second day you climb to the top. After reach the summit is the descent back to your car.

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

The necessary permits and “hiring” of a guide can be done on the website of the Namibian National Heritage Council in Windhoek. This can be done through the contact form, or you can call and speak to a representative (if you call, the response time is much shorter). You can also try to obtain permits at Brandberg Rest Camp in Uis. The whole process of acquiring permits and filling out the relevant documents, which you have to send back, takes from two to three weeks. The total cost (guide and necessary documents) is several hundred US dollars, but you need to inquire about the specific price, as the rate depends on the length of the trip and the places which you want to visit.

Considering the average temperature in the Brandberg mountains, which is about 30 degrees Celsius, in a span of a day of hiking, an adult is able to drink up to 5 liters of water.

When you are going to the Brandberg mountains, it is necessary to take with you strong mountain boots, hiking poles, high-energy snacks and appropriate sunscreen clothing (hat, sunglasses, cap, creams, etc.). If we want to overnight, you should also take a sleeping pad, a tent and a sleeping bag. You can always ask your guide before setting out what you will need during the hike.

The cost to enter the trail that leads to the “White Lady” painting, in 2022, is N$60 Namibian dollars per person and N$20 for parking. You can check current prices here.

It’s a good idea to whip a filter or water purification tablets with you to purify the water when you take it from the stream.

WHERE IS THE TRAIL TO KÖNIGSTEIN LOCATED?

The trail to the top of Königstein starts from the entrance to the Gaaseb Gorge. This is a shorter version that takes 1 to 3 days of hiking. The length of the hike depends on the condition of the participants, the number of stops for rest, viewing paintings or photo shoots. One should remember that the trail is poorly marked and has many branches, boulder fields and smooth rock slabs. Therefore, it is so important to have a guide at our side. Once in a while you may see small bushes and individual trees of acacia, aloe or quiver trees scattered over the rocky terrain. These can serve as landmarks on the trail. Impressive rock formations, steep cliffs and angular boulders are other elements of the local landscape. The ideal place to spend the night below the summit are areas where there are flat rocks so that you can sleep fairly comfortably near watercourses to replenish your water supply. Namibia’s highest mountain offers a magnificent 360-degree panorama that shows the many dark gray peaks and ridges, forming the Brandberg massif and light brown plains and deserts.

There is also a second option, which takes from 4 to 5 days of hiking. The trail starts from the entrance to Amis Canyon on the southwest side of the Brandberg. Amis in the local language means “Ostrich.” Along the way, you can visit the so-called Snake Cave, which pictures paintings of animals. When choosing this option, be sure to keep your backpack as light as possible and carry one or two empty bottles so that to in case encounter a stream, it will, can make water supplies for the rest of the hike. The summit is chilly, and the wind often blows, so a good option is to leave your backpacks at camp and climb the peak without them. It is better to dress warmly or at least take a sweatshirt with you. Amis Canyon is steep and very rocky, so you need to be extra careful here (especially when descending). You should also remember to take your cell phone with you that can call to the rest camp on the way back to be taken away from there. At the top of Königstein Mountain and after descending from the Brandberg massif, there shouldn’t be a problem with coverage.

WHEN IS THE BEST TIME TO GO TO NAMIBIA?

The recommended time to go to Namibia is winter, which lasts from June to August. During the daytime, the temperature averages 21-22 degrees Celsius, and at night it is around 10 °C. It is advisable to take warm clothes with you then, as nights are chilly at this time. Some tourists also come to the country in April, May and September to avoid larger clusters of tourists in popular places, but then temperatures are higher.

TIDBITS

It is said that there are more than 900 documented sites with rock paintings in Brandberg and countless others that have not yet been “discovered” (or at least reported).

The official currency in Namibia is the Namibian dollar. However, you can often also pay in Namibia with the Rand (South Africa’s currency), as their currency rate are very often identical. It happens sometimes be a difference of a few cents, but this is a rarity. In South Africa, however, you can’t pay with the Namibian dollar.

The Brandberg Massif, which contains 43,000-50,000 paintings (data depending on the source) and cave figures, is seen as a treasure trove of prehistoric art. People who spread information about these paintings were Ernst Rudolf Scherz, who published three books on the local figures, and Harald Pager, who made 43,000 – 45,000 drawings of figures from 879 sites.

In the old days there were mines in Uis where tin was mined, but now the area mainly burns clay bricks.

USEFUL LINKS

SUMMARY

For lovers of mountains and wilderness, the Brandberg Massif is an ideal destination. The fact that no more than 50 people a year venture there guarantees travelers coming to the area a complete distraction from civilization. Persons interested in ancient painting will certainly not omit the open-air museum of painting near the famous “White Lady”. It is worth paying attention that Namibia is a relatively cheap country, and English is the official language. Despite that, for example for Europeans, Asians and Americans, is a remote country, it is not as foreign as other regions of Africa.

Ji-Elle, source commons.wikimedia.org.

Tsisab River Gorge, author Thomas Wagner, source wikiwand.com (photo edited).

Königstein peak, author Mariusba, source commons.wikimedia.org.

Thomas Wagner, source commons.wikimedia.org (photo edited).

Olga Ernst source commons.wikimedia.org.

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TAMAGHZA AND GOLDEN CANYON

DADES GORGE ROAD

GERLACH PEAK

Artykuł Brandberg Mountain pochodzi z serwisu Adventures No Limits.

Archiwa: Mountains - Adventures No Limits

Cuesta de Lipán

CUESTA DEL LIPÁN

DESCRIPTION

SHORT HISTORY

WHAT YOU SHOULD KNOW DRIVING ON ARGENTINE’S ROADS

VEHICLE RENTAL AND ACCOMMODATION IN A CAMPER

TIPS

SUMMARY

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GROSSGLOCKNER ALPINE ROAD

LORD HOWE ISLAND

HALLASAN VOLCANO

Hallasan

HALASAN VOLCANO

DESCRIPTION

TRAILS

RESERVATION SYSTEM

HOW TO GET TO HALLASAN?

TIPS FOR TAKING PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION AND CABS

OPENING HOURS AND FEES

CLOSING HOURS

ACCOMODATION

MYTHS AND LEGENDS

TIPS AND ADVICE

USEFUL LINKS

TIDBITS

SUMMARY

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SEE ALSO

CAT BA ISLAND

THAM LOD CAVE

THE YUANYANG RICE TERRACES

Gerlach Peak

GERLACH PEAK

WHEN WAS THE SUMMIT REACHED?

HEIGHTS OF THE GERLACH MOUNTAIN

WHAT ANIMALS CAN YOU MEET ON THE TRAIL?

CLIMBING ROUTES

Ascent via Velická próba (Normálka)

Ascent via Batizovská próba

Ascent via Tatarkova próba – across Zadný Gerlach

Martinova cesta (Martinka)

WHEN IS IT WORTH GOING CLIMBING?

EQUIPMENT, WHICH YOU HAVE TO TAKE WITH YOU

HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO CLIMB TO THE TOP?

PHYSICAL CONDITIONS TO CLIMB GERLACH

GROUP SIZE

CLIMBING ON GERLACH WITH CHILDREN

ACCESS

TIDBIT

USEFUL LINKS

3D view of Gerlach mountain and surroundings.

The website where you can find offers of mountain guides organizing climbs on Gerlach.

Data with current weather conditions.

View from the summit in 3D (computer graphics).

SUMMARY

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SEE ALSO

THE CITY OF ROCKS IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC

GROSSGLOCKNER ALPINE ROAD

PARTNACH GORGE

Brandberg Mountain

BRANDBERG MOUNTAIN

DESCRIPTION

LOCATION

WHO CLIMBED TO THE TOP FIRST?

PAINTINGS

HOW LONG DOES IT TAKE TO KÖNIGSTEIN PEAK?

WHAT YOU NEED TO KNOW

WHERE IS THE TRAIL TO KÖNIGSTEIN LOCATED?

WHEN IS THE BEST TIME TO GO TO NAMIBIA?

TIDBITS

USEFUL LINKS

Brandberg White Lady Lodge

Brandberg Rest Camp

Travel agency organizing ascents to the Brandberg mountains

Königstein mountain trail map

Interactive map of Namibia with tourist attractions